Part of Value Creation Diagnostics
PricingCashDashboard
Value Creation Diagnostic — 1 of 3

EBITDA Bridge
Reality Check

Most EBITDA bridges look clean in the model. This diagnostic tests whether the improvement actually lands — or leaks through execution, pricing and working capital before it reaches cash.

Built from operating experience across industrial, manufacturing and distribution businesses where EBITDA plans consistently overpromised and underdelivered.

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The Problem

The model shows improvement.
The P&L does not.

EBITDA improvements in the budget rarely translate one-for-one into the business. Pricing doesn't hold. Volume mix shifts. Working capital absorbs cash. Execution falls short. The gap between modelled and delivered EBITDA is where enterprise value is destroyed.

This diagnostic identifies where your EBITDA bridge is most likely to break — and quantifies the risk before it becomes a surprise.

Where EBITDA Bridges Break

Three structural gaps.

01

Pricing & Margin

Price increases approved in the budget are not fully realised. Discounting, rebates, freight and mix erosion absorb 30–60% of the planned improvement.

02

Volume & Mix

Revenue growth is assumed at budgeted margin. In practice, mix shifts to lower-margin products, channels or customers — compressing EBITDA even when revenue meets plan.

03

Working Capital & Cash

EBITDA improves but cash does not. Inventory build, debtor blow-out or payables compression absorbs the earnings before they reach the bank.

EBITDA Bridge Diagnostic

Model the bridge gap.

Enter your EBITDA plan and actual performance. The diagnostic quantifies the gap and identifies the likely source.

Inputs
Output
Budgeted EBITDA
Actual EBITDA
EBITDA Gap
Between model and delivery
Pricing Leakage
Value lost through pricing gaps
Cash vs EBITDA
After working capital absorption
Bridge Risk
Low / Medium / High
Interpretation

Three questions the bridge must answer.

A credible EBITDA bridge answers three questions that most management teams avoid: Is the pricing improvement structurally embedded? Is volume growth at target margin? Is EBITDA converting to cash?

Low risk (gap <1.5%): Bridge is largely structural. Pricing and execution are aligned. Cash conversion is sound.
Medium risk (1.5–3%): One or two structural gaps. Pricing may not be holding. Working capital is absorbing some of the improvement.
High risk (>3%): Multiple structural gaps. The bridge is behavioural, not embedded. Enterprise value is at risk.
What to Do Next

Follow the pressure.

Each gap in the EBITDA bridge points to a specific diagnostic. Follow the pressure to the source.

If pricing is not holdingPricing Architecture Diagnostic →If cash is not convertingCash Conversion Diagnostic →If multiple gaps existValue Creation Dashboard →Return to hubValue Creation Diagnostics →
Next Step

If EBITDA is not tracking to plan,
the gap is already costing enterprise value.

Diagnostics identify where the gap sits. The mandate determines how it gets fixed — and how fast.

Discuss a Mandate

What Is an EBITDA Bridge?

An EBITDA bridge maps the movement from one period's EBITDA to another — identifying whether pricing, volume and cost changes are delivering the planned improvement. In industrial and distribution businesses, the gap between modelled and delivered EBITDA is typically 20–40% of the planned improvement.

Why Does the EBITDA Bridge Break?

The bridge breaks for three structural reasons. First, pricing improvements are modelled as if fully captured but realised pricing is consistently lower due to discounting, rebates and execution gaps. Second, volume growth is modelled at average margin but actual growth often comes from lower-margin segments. Third, EBITDA growth does not equal cash improvement when working capital changes absorb the earnings before they reach the bank.